Btjknek



April `15 1924.

' Filed July 3o.. 1920 i@ f7 V J5. Z

10 //l v Cf @wi/knew 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 15, l1924. 1,490,281 l w. w.LEACH BURNER Filed Jullv 3o 1920 4 sheets-sheet F f JP 4 g 45 4i ,e6

Wilma W. W. LEACH April 1'5 1924.

BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 30 1920 l 3 hoentoz h//f//l'am Wbfacwitness @a wg@ Patented pin, 1.5, i924.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLEAM w. Lenoir, or MANSF'IEIQD, omo.

BURNER.

Application filed July 30, 1920. Serial No. 400,137.

To all whom c'z/ may conce-roi: i

Be it known that l, l/VrLLr-itr W. LnAoH, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Mansfield, in the county of Richland and Stateof Ghigo.I have invented certain new and useful improvements in Burners,of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to aburner for burning powdered coal or gaseous fuel.

` It is well known to-those skilled in the vart of burning powdered coalfuel that difficulties are encountered in procuring complete and propercombustion of the powdered fuel as the constituent, component particlesthereofl are so small or infinitesim'alv as to make the powdered fuelextremely light in specific gravity, therefore, due to the fact that thepowered fuel must be constantly fed into the furnaces through the mediumof an air blast or the like some of the particles .or portions thereofwhen lnot under control and thoroughly mixed and rotated, diffused andscattered to admit of instant combustion when subjected tothe names andheat of the furnace waste and improper combustion of the fuel naturallyresults., and there is alsoan excess of unconsumed carbon and an excessofl in the use of the conventional type'ofV burner now in use thepowdered coal is is forced or fed through appropriate pipe connectionsor a burner by pneumatic pressure such as an air hlast produced by aconventional type of power operated fan which forces the fuel and airinto the furnace through an ordinary tubularv member, burner or pipeconnections in a direct and unbroken line from the mouth of the deliveryend of the burner or the like thereby focusing an intense heatat onepoint within t Le furnace instead of scattering and diffusing the fuelso as to produce a uniform heat throughout the interior of the furnacewhich is obviated in my invention by imparting a revolving orfrotatingmotion to the air and fuel at the delivery end of the burner or the likethereby accelerating its proper and instant combustion by the flames inthe furnace assisted by the radiant heat from the refractory walls ofthe furnace.

In the conventional type of burner now in use the flow velocityA of thefuel into the furnace under air pressure is direct, continuous andwithout means of rotating or revolving the fuel as it is emitted directfrom the delivery end of the burner into the furnace instead ofsuspending or retarding the travel of the fuel, and also rotating,diffusingI and scattering the powdered coal or other fuel throughout theinterior of the furnace as is the case in the useof the presentinvention which subjects the fuel to the heat and flames of the furnacefor combustion purposes for a longer period of time than isv possiblewith the type of burner now 1n use.

The primary object of the present invention is to design and construct aburner that will deliver powdered coal or other like fuel into thefurnace in such a manner as to impart a whirling, rotating or revolvingand diffusing motion tothe fuel thereby retard-r ing its travel in thefurnace, scattering and keeping the fuel in suspension for longerperiods of time at different locations within the furnaceto provide formore perfect and efficient combustion of the 'fuel than can be obtainedby` the .use of a conventional type of burner.

Another object of the present invention is toprovide a burner that isefficient in operation and economical in the use of fuel.

A further object is to construct a. burner that will produce a whirling,revolving. scattering and diffusing motion of the fuel at the deliveryend of the burner in theI same, or opposed directions or combinationsthereof. v Y

Another object of the present invention is to provide means of producinga concentric series or steps of whirling motions of the fuel and air ofdifferent diameters or radii in the-same, or opposed directions orcombinations thereof.

A. further object is to provide a means of swinging the burner and doorsof the furnace to either closed or open positions in either directionand afford facilities for permitting the' slag, dirt or db-ris to dripfrom the furnace without opening the main doors of the furnace orlaffecting the burner.

These and other objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the invention showing it applied to afurnace.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1 shown partlyin section.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a ila-nge clamping mechanism used toconnect or disconnect the pipe connections to or from the burner.

Fig. 4 is an end View of one of the flange members of the clampingmechanism.

Fig. is a horizontal sectional view of the invention showing the seriesof spirals and their associatedrelation to each other and the concentrictubular members of the burner.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view similar to Fig. 5 with the spiralsremoved to clearly show the arrangement of the concentric tubularmembers.

Fig. 7 is a cross section on line 7-7 of Fig. 6 with the spirals inplace showing the direction ofthe travel of the fuel and air in thepreferred form.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of Vthe'l'urnace showing theburner applied thereto in operative position in full lines and ininoperative position in dotted lines.

Fig. 9 is an end View of the burner on an enlarged scale showing thearrangement of the spir-als within the concentric tubular members. f

In the drawing the invention is shown applied to the front plate of laconventional type of sheet or ,bar metal furnace which is equipped toburn powdered fuel coal as the burner is efficient, economical andpractical in attaining the objects herein set forth in burning powderedcoal.

It is'equ'ally', however, as efficient and economical in burning gaseousfuel or the like and the same resultsfare obtained.

Jreference numeral 1 represents the front plate of a conventional typeof sheet or bar furnacel to which the invention is preferably appliedshowing it in association with means for conducting powdered fuel andthe primary fluel propelling air, and the means of conducting secondaryair to the burner. The desired opening is provided in the front plateand ears 2-233 preferably formed thereon. A main door 5 is provided withears 6-6 and fil-7 and is supported on the ears 2 and 3 and adapted tobe swung in' either direction that is, either toward the right or leftside of the furnace upon the pintle rods 8 and 9 thereby `providing ahinged door that can be opened or closed from the right or left side.

ln constructing the main door and hinging same to the front plate sothat it can be manipulated from either side utility and mits the slag7dirt., ash or other dbris to.

drip. falhflow or to'be drawn. out of the lire box of the furnacewithout disturbing either of the doors 5 or 10. The door 11 is normallyheld in yielding closed position by the weight of the knob 12.- Asuitable opening 13 is provided in the vdoor 5 and a member 14 issecured therein with its flange portion 15 surrounding and overlappingthe edge of the opening 13 as shown in Fig. 8. The member 1-1 ispreferably formed to provide inclined or flaring mouth portions 16 and17 in opposed relation to each other. Fars 18 are preferably madeintegral with the member 11i and spaced apart from each other to receiveand support the outwardly extending arms 19 and 2O which are arranged inopposed relation on the sides of the burner 21.

The burner is preferably supported on the ears 18 and held in placethereon by pins 22 and 23 permitting it to lbe swungtoward the right orleft side of the furnace. Powdered `coal combined with primary air underpressure 1s conducted to the burner from any source of supply by thepipe 24. The pipe 24 is connected to the burner by the flangeconnections 25 and 26 and the nipple 26.V

The complementary parts of the flange25 are held in close and frictionalcontact with each other by bolts 27 and 28 and the lever nuts 29`and 30.The complementary parts of the connecting flanges are provided withslots 31 and 32 to permit of the parts to be disconnected from eachother or connected to each other without withdrawing the bolts.

The separation of the parts or their close connection is accomplished byloosening or tightening thelever nuts 29 and 30. As will beobserved theprimary air combined with powdered coal or other like fuel is deliveredinto the end of the burner 21. lt is customary to supply the burner forburning powdered coal or the like with additional or secondary air underpressure to assist in the delivery of the powdered coal in the furnacewhen the pressure of the primary air is insuflicient.

To supply the additional or secondary air under pressure a conductingair pipe 33 is provided and preferably connected to the burner todeliver the air into the burnervat the top adjacent to its frontend. Theconnections 34, 35and 35 of the secondary air pipe and burner aresimilar to the connec-V which is connected to the pipe 24 as de-Vscribed. A flange engaging portion 38 is provided on the topy ofVthe'casing to connect with the flange 35 and it Vis arrangedrin a rightangular relation to the enlarged portion ,37 Vof the burner casingthereby providing right angularly related means 'of .conducting air totheburner in conjunction with the means of supplying air at the frontend of the burner. The flange 26 is'provided with a hub portion 39 whichis screw threaded at both ends to engage thenipple 26 and one end ofa'tubular member or pipe 40 which pipe is smaller in diameter than themember 36 and it is arranged within the tubular member in concentricrelation thereto. Spirally formedA deiiectors or vanes 41 are secured`within the pipe 40. The deflectors windspirally aroun'dthe interior ofthe pipe 40 inspaced relation to each otherV thereby forming spiralpaths through which the powdered coal or other fuel travels and isdriven, forced and delivered into the furnace by air under pressure. c

,Y The combined 'air and'powderedcoal is preferably-forced :to travelaround the interior of rthe pipe 40 in a clockwise Vdirection as shownin Fig. 7 A second series of spiralV air 'deflectors or vanes 42 aresecured to the periphery of the'pipe40 commencing beyond` theVopeningfof the flange' 38. The deiiectors 42jprovide a series of spiralpaths for the y air j running in 'counter-clockwise.direction tothat ofthe deflectors41.V The diameter of the spiral vpaths Aformed by thedeflectors 42 are likewise, increased with respect to the deflectors 41.An intermediate tubular member 43' is fittedy to the periphery of thedefiectors 42 leaving a space 44 between its periphery and the interiorof the outer tubular member 36.

A thirdrseries of spiral dellectors or vanes 45 are secured to theperiphery of the intermediate member 43 spirally preferably windingaround said member in the same direction as the vdelectors 41 within thetube 40. It will be observed that the tubular members 3G, 43 and 40 arearranged in relatively coaXial and concentric relation with respect toeach other, but, that their free ends successively overlap each otherfor the purpose of emitting the secondary air and combined primary air.and fuel at different points within the burner so as to aid inscattering and didusing the air and fuel just prior to delivering intothe furnace. The ends of the spiral deflectors as shown by thedeflectors 42 in Fig. 5, may project beyond the tubular members whichserves to break and diffuse the air currents to some extent.

The operation of the burner in' brief is as follows: Primary air underpressure forces the powdered fuel or the like through the pipe 24 andits connection to the burner and thence through the spiral paths formedby the member 40 and the spiral d ellectors 41 into the furnace at itsfree end. The fuel and air on account of its spiral travel de livers thecombined air and fuel into t-he fur nace in a rotating, revolving orwhirling motion thereby scattering and diffusing the fuel Y and air toall parts of the furnace and sus-V pending same for a longer period oftime thereby subjecting the fuel to the flame and radiant heat of theVfurnace longer and at more different points within the furnace than ispossible with the use of an ordinary burner. The deflectors 42 and 45function in the same. manner as described with reference to thedeflectors 41 except that the deflectors 42 wind around and form spiralpaths in an opposite direction to that of the spiral deflectors 41 and45.

It will be apparent from the construction and operation of the burnerthat a series olf spiral paths Vis, provided for the air and fuel ofdifferent diameters, that the paths deliver the air and fuel into thefurnaces inV stepped relation so that if a charge. of fuel deliveredwith the `primary air is not of proper proportion to the air to insureproper comb-ustion in the first instance it is acted upon by each of theother rotating and revolving air currents in sequence. It will furtherbe noted that the travel of the air and fuel through the differentspiral paths delivers such air and fuel at different pointswithin theburner thereby further assisting in agitatingandl suspending the fuel. Y

The invention herein described can be used for gaseous fuel if desiredand one or more series of spiral paths can be formed for the purposeherein described without departingv from the spirit of the invention. y

It is notintended to confine the invention to the Ystructureshown anddescribed herein or to its application for burning 'powdered fuel.

I claim: Y 1. A burner including a fuel tube, means for imparting awhirling movement to the fuel within the tube, .a series of air pipesco-aXially arranged with the tube and with each other, and spiraldefiectors arranged in the spaces between the tube and adjacent pipe andbetween the pipes.

2. A burner including a fuel tube, means within the tube for impart-inga whirling movement to the fuel, a pipe co-axially arlll) ranged withthe tube, a series of spiral deiectors between the tube and pipe,a.second pipe concentric with the first pipe, and a series of spiraldefiectors between said pipes.

vided therein a series of spiral deflectors,

a plurality of tubular members of larger diameter arranged in spaced,stepped and co-axial relation thereto, spiral `defiectors arranged inthe spaces between said members and means to provide air forsaidtubularmembers of larger diameterl and means to provide air for thefirst mentioned tubular member under pressure for the delivery of fuel.

5. In a burner, a tubular member having spiral deflectors secured to theinterior thereof, means of feeding combined air and fue] thereto, asecond tubular member provided with a series of spiral deflectorsmounted in co-aXial 4and spaced relation to the first mentioned tubularmember, means to force air under pressure thereto, and a third tubularmember co-aXial with the other tubular members and provided with aspiral defiector associated with the first mentioned tubular member,said spiral deflectors and tubular members being adapted to impartwhirlinoand revolving Inotions to the air and fuel in opposed relationsto each other.

6. In a burner, three tubular members arranged in co-axial relation toVeach other,l spiral deflectors associated therewith, means to supplyyair and fuel under pressure to one of the tubular members, means tosupply air under pressure without fuel to two of the tubular members,the combinatiQn of the tubular members and deflectors being arranged todeliver fuel in a whirling .moi tion and whirling streams of air inthe-same and opposed relation to the whirling fuel -for the purpose ofsuspending and agitating the fuel for combustion purposes, as describedand set forth.

7. A burner having concentric members 8. A burner having concentricmembers defining three separate paths lengthwise of Y said burner, meansfor delivering fuel with a whirling motion throngh one path and meansfor yc lelivering yair with relat1velyopposite whirling motions throughthe ref maining paths, such separate paths merging into a singleoutletfrom theburner. Y

9. A burner having an interior fuel delivery tube. deflectors therein,`a second tube co-.axialwitli the first tube V.and spacedtherefroniwleflectors larranged inthe space between said tubes, athirdtube co-axial with the second tube and spaced therefrom ear- Vteri'orly, and deflectors in Ithe space between said second and thirdtribes.

10. A vburner made np Vof a plurality of' tubular bodies arrangedinconcentric spaced relation with their "delivery endsrelatively l offsetto thereby-define three spaces lengthwisenof the burner, y,andldefiectors arranged in `each of said spaces, the deiectors lof`adjacent spaces being oppositely arranged.

11.` A burner madefup offafplurality of tubes arranged ,in concentric`spaced Arela- Y tion totheffeby defineY three spaces len l1- wise ofthe burner, defiectors .arrange in each of said spaces, defiectorsofadjacent spaces .being oppositely arranged, means for deliveringfuel to'one of said spaces, and eans for delivering 4air to the remainingspaces.v

12. A burner'cornprisinglan outertube,

an inner tubeconcentric therewith, and an intermediate tube between andspaced fromVV said outertnbeand-"inner tube4A deflectors arranged in:said inner -tnbe,fand deectors arranged in each of .the Spaces.between, the inner .tube and ,intermediate tube and between the latterand `outer tube, means `for delivering fuellengthwise the inner tube,

andneans for ,deliverin Y- air lengthwise the outer' tube' andintermeciate tube, the inner tube lterminating short of-the `deliveryend of the intermediate tube, andthe intermediate tube terminating shortlof `the outertube.

In testimony whereof VAI' affix kmy signature.

WILLIAM w. LEAcH.

